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Preface and General
Information
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SPECIALIZED VOCABULARY
Acamama or Aqha-mama: ancient name of the city, prior to "Qosqo". Alpaca or Paqocha (Vicugna pacos): domesticated South-American cameloid very appreciated for its wool and meat. Altomisayoq: "whom says the high mass" : Andean Religion priest. Ama Sua, Ama Llulla, Ama Kella: "Do not be a thief, liar, neither lazy"; three rules ascribed to the Inkan Society. Andesite: dark granite, very common in the Andes. Antisuyo: one of the four Tawantinsuyo's nations, identified in the jungle, toward Qosqo's east. Apacheta: pile of divers elements left by travelers on the highest passes as offerings. Apu: superior spirit or deity. Auki: minor spirit or deity. Ceque or Seque: imaginary line with a succession of temples. Ch'arki: Jerk (Jerky), dehydrated meat (salty dried). Ch'aska: Venus Star. Chaski: relay runner in charge of taking messages. Chicha: Spanish word naming the "Aqha" of Inkan Society; that is, fermented maize beer. Chinchaysuyo: the Tawantinsuyo's northern nation. Chinkana: "Where one may get lost", underground tunnel. Ch'uño: dehydrated potato. Contisuyo: Tawantinsuyo's nation located toward the west of the city, toward the coast. Collasuyo: Tawantinsuyo's nation located toward the south of Qosqo, in the Peruvian Altiplano (high plateau). Cuy, Cuye or Qowi: (Cavia porcellus) guinea pig or cavy, when roasted is the most symbolic main dish in the region. Guanaco or Wanaku: (Lama guanicoe) non domesticated reddish South-American cameloid looking like a llama. Hanan Pacha: World's level according to Andean Religion located in the sky or sidereal space. Hanan or Hawan Qosqo: higher or upper Qosqo. Haukaypata: "Ceremonial Square", it is argued that it was the original name of the Main Plaza. Illapa: Andean God compound by thunder, lightning and thunderbolt. Inka: Tawantinsuyo's king, monarch, or sovereign. Inti or P'unchau: Sun God. Inti Raymi: "Sun Festivity", the most important celebration in Inkan times, every winter solstice (June 21st). Intiwatana: "Sun Fastener", modern name for "saywa" or solar observatory. Jiwaya or Jiwayo: hematite, hard rock used as a hammer for carving some other softer stones. Kacharpari: farewell party. Kay Pacha: World's level according to Andean Religion located on the earth's surface. Kallanka: completely roofed huge building that regularly served as lodge. Kancha or Cancha: complex of different rooms around a central patio. Killa or Mama Killa: "Moon" or "Mother Moon". K'intu: offering made with three or more coca leaves. Kiwicha or Amaranto: (Amaranthus caudatus) very rich and energetic small cereal. ...kuna: suffix denoting plural in the Quechua Language. Kuraq Tayta: "elder father", major priest of Inkan Religion. Kusipata: "Joy Plaza", nowadays it has the same name. K'uychi: Rainbow, it was another Andean God. Llama: (Lama glama) domesticated South-American cameloid. Mallki: Inkan mummy. Mitimaes: human groups displaced from their hometowns. Mullu: (Spondylus sp.) marine shell representing the "mother sea", it was more valuable than any precious metal. Ñust'a: princess. Pachakamaq: Superior God of Peruvian Civilizations also identified as "Wiraqocha" or "Tonapa". Pachamama: Mother Earth, deity worshipped even today. Pago and Despacho: "Payment" and "Dispatch", offerings for divers deities, formed by organic, inorganic, manufactured elements, etc. Panaka: Inka's extended family. Panpamisayoq: "whom says mass on the earth", Andean Religion priest. Paqo: "Priest" of Andean Religion. Paqos have different hierarchies. Phaqcha: ceremonial water fountain. Pututo: Andean trumpet made with a marine shell (Strombus galeatus). Qamayoq or Camayoq: Quechua official in charge of care and maintenance of something; for example, "Qhipu Qamayoq": in charge of qhipus. Qhatu: market where bartering prevails. Qhipu or Khipu: accounting system based in multicolored strings and divers knots. Quechua: modern name of the ancestral "Runa Simi" Andean Language. Quinua or Quinoa: (Chenopodium quinoa), very energetic small cereal. Qochamama: deity located in lakes or the sea. Qollqa or Pirwa: storehouse for goods such as food, clothing, etc. Qosqo: "navel", original name of the city in Inkan times. Qoya: Queen, the Inka's wife. Runa: man, common people, majority class. Runa Simi: "man's language", native language of this corner of the world, also named "Qheswa" or "Quechua". Sirvinakuy: modern name for the Andean Trial Marriage. Tambo: Spanish form of "tanpu", it was a town or building offering lodge and supplies for travelers. Tarwi: (Lupinus mutabilis), edible lupine beans that are very popular in high zones. Tawantinsuyo: original name of the Inkan territory and society. Tokapu: design found in textiles framed in a square; there are proofs that it was an ideo-graphic language. Tukuyrikuq: "whom sees everything", official supervisor. Ukhu Pacha: World's level according to Andean Religion located underground. Urin or Uran Qosqo: lower Qosqo. Usnu: high platform in the public plazas from which rulers or chiefs used to talk to their people. Vicuna or Wik'uña: non domesticated South-American cameloid having the finest fiber (wool) in the world. Waka or Guaca: temple or sanctuary. Wakaypata: "Weeping Plaza", ancient name of the Plaza de Armas. Wayrana: building having just three walls. Willaq Uma: "Predicting Head", major Inkan Priest. Willkamayu: "Sacred River", original name of the Urubamba or Vilcanota River. Wiraqocha: invisible superior god of Peruvian civilizations also identified as "Pachacamaq" and "Tonapa". Yakumama: (yaku = unu) "Mother Water". Yanakuna: home servants of the Inkan society.
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